Discussion Forum

 
The issue of Continuity in Language Learning from Primary School to Secondary School

Aim
 

1. to focus on the issue of continuity
2. to share resources and effective practice
3. to engage in professional dialogue with other countries
4. to have access to articles dealing with the subject of Continuity

Contributors:
 

Please email Jan Robertson at janrobertson@xtra.co.nz to add your contribution to the discussion forum, with the subject Continuity FIPLV . Your contribution will then be forwarded to the Webmaster to be uploaded onto this website.

Discussion Starter from Jan Robertson, NewZealand:
 

A barrier to learning that is of major concern to me as Regional Facilitator for 2nd Language Teaching & Learning in Years 7 – 10 is the transition from Year 8 to Year 9 in language learning and the ensuing need to address diversity of learning at Year 9.

Historically secondary school teachers of second languages at the Year 9 level have walked into their classroom on the first day and have been faced with a class of learners with no prior learning of languages. Virtually all students have started from scratch in their learning.

Since 1998 the situation has been changing in New Zealand. With huge increases in student numbers at the Years 7 and 8 levels there has been a change in situation for teachers at the Year 9 level. Now they are faced with a new scenario as they have in front of them a class with diversity of learning in languages on their first day at secondary school. They have students with a great deal, some, a little and no knowledge at all of the target language, all in the same class. However, instead of acknowledging this, most Year 9 teachers are continuing to teach as they always did, as if all their students are starting from the very beginning.

This question of transition and the resultant diversity of learning is a significant barrier to learning, when the students with knowledge have to repeat what they already know and quickly become bored. If the teacher speeds up the learning process, those students with little or no knowledge are left behind and become disillusioned with their learning. Teachers also devalue the work of the non-specialist languages teachers, citing incorrect pronunciation and incorrect grammatical structures being taught. Secondary schools do not seem committed to accelerated achievement outcomes for languages, even although there is a focus on the gifted and talented in New Zealand.

There is a “striking difference in approach to language teaching between primary and secondary school. Whereas at primary school there was a strong emphasis on spoken communication – speaking and listening – this did not appear to continue in secondary schools where the emphasis is on written work and grammar.” (Hill et al 2003: 28).

“According to student responses, studying language at high school is not as much fun, nor is it as well-taught as in primary school. They are finding the language more difficult and do not believe that they are learning as much about the country where the target language is spoken as before. These findings were corroborated by many parents who felt that their children’s attitudes were less positive towards learning the target language at secondary school than they had been at primary school.” (Hill et al 2003: 29).

Strategies, many of which have been identified by the teachers in my workshops, need to be put in place and monitored to ensure optimum and effective learning by our languages’ students through

  • the continuity of teaching and learning specific languages between Years 8 and 9

  • communication between primary and secondary schools

  • recognition of prior learning

  • the catering for classes of diverse learners

  • “acknowledging differences in approaches to teaching, both in pedagogical strategies and techniques and in classroom organisation”. (Spence 2002: 35)

References:  
Hill, K & Ward S (2003) Passing the Baton: The Transition from Primary to Secondary Language Programs New Zealand Studies in Applied  Linguistics 2003, 9 (2): 19-36
Spence, G (2002) Learning Languages: A Guide for New Zealand Schools Wellington: Ministry of Education


What are specific strategies teachers in other countries have used to address the issue of continuity between primary and secondary schools in their languages’ classrooms?

Please email Jan Robertson at janrobertson@xtra.co.nz with your comments. We look forward to sharing your ideas with other teachers throughout the world.

Articles:

Continuity in Learning Languages: Pooling the Expertise by Denis Cunningham
(The New Zealand Language Teacher , Volume 30, November 2004)

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